What is a protective grounding? What is the area of \u200b\u200bits application?

The protective ground is a deliberate electrical connection with the Earth or its equivalent of metal inadvertent parts of electrical installations that may be energized.

Scope of the protective ground - three-phase voltage networks up to 1000 V with an isolated neutral and above 1000 V with any neutral mode.

What is a closure on the electrical installation case? What is the main cause of the hull closure?Circuit on the housing is a random electrical connection of the current-carrying part with metal inadvertent parts of the electrical installation.

In which case, how much can a dangerous touch of a person to the body isolated from the Earth electrical installation?

If the electrical installation is isolated from the ground, then in the event of a phase closure to the body, touching the installation will be as dangerous, as well as a phase wire, standing on the ground or on another conductive base, may be under the tension of the touch ** almost equal phase voltage network - 220 V. In this case, through the body of a person will pass the current life-threatening

I h \u003d U.etc/R.h \u003dU.f /R.h \u003d220/1000 \u003d 0.22 A \u003d 220 mA

where the UPR is the tension of the touch, in; UF - phase voltage, in; The resistance of the human body, in the calculations of the received 1000 ohm.

What is the principle of protective grounding?

Operating principlethe electrical equipment of electrical equipment is reduced to the safe tension voltage values U.etc, conducted closure on the body. This is achieved by reducing the potential of grounded equipment F 3 (decrease in the resistance of the protective earth R. 3 ),

What method when closing the case, you can reduce the potentialalways of grounded equipment?

Reducing the resistance of the protective ground R. 3

When the phase is closed on the housing of the grounded installation from which it dependsthe magnitude of the tension of the touch?

Then in the event of a closure of the phase on the grounded electrical installation case, the tension of the UPR under which the person touched the body will

U.etc= f 3 - FOS

where f 3 is the potential of the housing of the grounded electrical installation, in; FOS - the potential of the base (platform) in the place where man stands, V.

Whether security will increase with an increase in protective resistancegrounding?

No, because the principle of protective earth is achieved by reducing the potential of grounded equipment F 3 (decrease in the resistance of the protective earth R. 3 ), and also by increasing the potential of the foundation of the FOS in a place where a person stands, to the value of the grounded equipment close to the potential.

With which minimum voltage value alternating current In all cases, the protective ground should be performed?

According to the rules of the electrical installation device, the protective ground should be performed: at a voltage of 380 V and above AC in all cases;

What is the grounding device? What distinguishestypes of grounding devices?

The grounding device is called the totality of the ground - metal conductors - electrodes 7, which are in direct contact with the ground, interconnected by the band 6, and grounding conductors 3 connecting the grounded parts of the electrical installation 1 with the earthing.

Depending on the location of the earthing relative to grounded electrical equipment, two types of grounding devices are distinguished: remote and contour.

What is the group earthing? What are his advantagesociety in front of solitary?

IN contour grounding device(See Fig. 2) Apply the Earth Group, consisting of several parallel-enabled single earthing (electrodes) 7, which provides the smallest resistance of the protective ground.

With a group earthing in the spreading zone, an increase and equalization of potentials on the surface of the site is observed. As a result, the tension voltage is reduced and, therefore, the safety of people operating on the protected area increases.

What are the advantages of the contour grounding device? At what distance from each other, the electrodes should be positioned in it?

In the event of a closure on the electrical installation case, the stacking current into the ground about all the eggro electrodes occurs simultaneously (see Fig. 2). At raffika distribution of potentials on the surface of the protected platform obtained by the addition of potential curves from each electrode separately, it can be seen that with a group earthing in the zone of the current spreading zone there is an increase and leveling of potentials on the surface of the site. As a result, the tension voltage is reduced and, therefore, the safety of people operating on the protected area increases.

When the electrodes are placed at a distance of no more than 8 - 10 m from each other, the maximum tension values \u200b\u200bin this case will not exceed the permissible levels.

What is allowed to use in enterprises as naturaleggs?

As natural entrancersyou can use: various metal structures of buildings having a connection to the earth; reinforcement reinforcement; Lead shells laid in the land of cables, plumbing and other metal pipes, with the exception of pipelines for combustible liquids, combustible or explosive gases, as well as pipelines covered with insulation to protect against corrosion.

What are used as electrodes of artificial earthing?

For artificial entrancersusually vertical and horizontal electrodes are used. As vertical electrodes, steel pipes, steel corners, metal rods, steel rods, etc. are used to connect the vertical electrodes using strip steel or round steel rods to connect vertical electrodes.

What value should be the resistance of the protective groundsettings voltage up to 1000 V? How often should it be monitored?

When flowing the current from the housing to the ground 1 3 (See Fig. 1) Through the small resistance of the protective grounding of RZ, which in electrical installations voltage up to 1000 V should not exceed 4 ohms.

The effect of which effects of the protective ground depends onhis action? How often does this parameter be monitored?

From the size of the resistance of the protective earth RZ.

In accordance with the requirements of the rules of the electrical installation device, monitoring the resistance of the protective ground is carried out before entering grounding and periodically, but at least once a year.

How to change the touch voltage with increasing distancebetween man and earthing?

Voltage increases. Then in the event of a closure of the phase on the grounded electrical installation, the tension voltage TsH,under which the person touched the body will be

and sh = f 3 - FOS,

where f 3 is the potential of the housing of the grounded electrical installation, in; FOS - the potential of the base (platform) in the place where man stands, V.

What is a zero? INtois it applied by electrical networks?

The reinforcement is a deliberate electrical connection with a zero protective conductor of the housing and other metallic nettokycih testes of electrical installations that may be energized.

Grounding is used in low-winded neutral networks.

What is called zero protective conductor? Than zero prowaters differs from zero protective conductor?

Zero protective conductor reit is called a conductor connecting the bottom-down parts, for example, an electrical installation housing with a deaf-gas-gene neutral network.

Zero protective conductor should be distinguished from zero wire n,which is also connected to a deaf-free neutral, but is intended for powering a current of electrical equipment.

What is the purpose of the zero protective conductor?

Purposethe zero protective conductor is the creation of an electrical chain with a low resistance that the short circuit current of the ICZ was large enough to quickly trigger protection.

In which case, the zero is eliminating the danger of damage to the current?

The reinforcement is used to eliminate the risk of damage to the current in the case of a touch of electrical installations that caused electrical installations to the metal inadvertent parts due to the closure.

What is a closure on the electrical installation case? What is basiccause of the housing?

Circuit on the body- Random electrical connection of a current-headed part with metal inadvertising parts of the electrical installation.

The main cause of the housing closure is damage to the electrical insulation of current-carrying parts under voltage.

In the event of a closure on the body and the lack of reassembling under whata man can be a bias by touching the body?

If the electrical installation is isolated from the ground, then in the event of a phase closure to the body, touching the electrical installation will be as dangerous, as well as a phase wire - a person may be under the voltage of the UPR touch almost equal to the phase voltage of the network - 220 V.

What is the principle of action of the rejection? Which of the devices is the maximalnoise protection provides greater safety?

Operating principlechange - converting a closure on the housing into a single-phase short circuit between the phase and zero protective conductor, as a result of which the maximum current protection is triggered - fuses or circuit breakers, and automatically disabling the damaged installation from the supply network.

When protecting automatic switches is provided with great security.

What devices are used as maximum current protection? What is the triggement time of each device?

The speed of turning off the electrical installation from the moment the voltage appears on the housing is 5 - 7 seconds when protecting the electrical installation of fuses and 1 - 2 s when protecting the circuit breakers.

From which parameter of the zero protective conductor depends on the effectthe validity of the action action?

What will the current path in the event of a closure on the housing of the enveloped electrical installation?

What factor determines the speed of protection? What kind of this factor should be according to the requirements of PUE?

According to the instructions of the rules of the electrical installation devices (PUE), the short circuit current must be at least 3 times the rated current of the fuse insert or the circuit breaker.

Taking into account the results of the studies, name the factorswhich depends on the effectiveness of the reassessment.

From the short circuit current, which must be at least 3 times the rated current of the fuse insert or the circuit breaker of the circuit breaker.

For what purpose, the zero protective conductor must have re-grounding?

To reduce the danger of damage to the current arising in the case of a zero protective conductor break Reand closing the phase on the installation site behind the break site (Fig. 4), the zero protective conductor must have a re-ground.

Due to what decreases the danger of damage to the current when the zero protective conductor, having a re-grounding?

.

In the event of a break of a zero protective conductor with repeatnare grounding, when you closure to the case, what will the current path be? Why notis current protection triggered?

If the zero protective conductor is re-grounded, then when it is cut, the current circuit will be preserved through the ground, as a result of which the voltage of the enveloped cases of electrical installations behind the breakdown will decrease in approximately 0.5 U . Consequently, the re-grounding significantly reduces the danger of lesion to the current when the zero protective conductor is around, but cannot eliminate it completely.

Why in zero protective conductor is prohibited to installfuses, switches, switches?

In a zero protective conductor, it is forbidden to put fuses, switches and other devices that can disrupt its integrity.

3923 0 0

100% output from the situation when there is no protective grounding

October 20, 2016
Specialization: master of internal and outer decoration (plaster, shtclowing, tile, plasterboard, lining, laminate and so on). In addition, plumbing, heating, electrician, ordinary lining and expansion of balconies. That is, repairs in the apartment or house was turned "turnkey" with all the necessary types of work.

Currently approximately 95% household appliances Produced with the need for grounding. This is especially true of those aggregates that are associated with water:

• dishwashers;
• pumps;
• electrical heaters;
• washing machines, etc.

When such an appliance works without a protective ground, it can beat the current that the housewives who have machines are worthwhile.

Grounding in its absence

Note. There are four types of grounding: protective, working, reinstallation and closure on the body.

What is a protective earth and closure on the body

We will not go into terminology, but find out based on what is needed for life. Let's start with the definition - the ground is called a deliberate connection of the grounding device from a specific point of electrical equipment or network.

• of all the four types of grounds, we are only interested in two - protective and closure on the body;
• the essence of the protective ground is to turn the current to the ground, if the phase current falls on the ground, from which the RCD is triggered;
• the new houses provide for the work grounding, that is, there is a special tire on the electrical protection there, where the third lived is connected;
• but in the old houses of the time of Stalin, Khrushchev and Brezhnev, such a function is not provided;
• here everything is explained quite simply - during their construction in the ground, it was simply not necessary;

• in old houses, there is no possibility to make a protective grounding, so here you can make a short mass, the scheme of which you see above;
• the essence of this connection is the following - zero shunt with the mass and if the phase current falls on the housing, then a short one occurs, from which the device of the protective shutdown (UZO) immediately works - it must be installed!

A protective shutdown device for household appliances if it is connected only to one of them, there should be no more than 16A. Otherwise, there may be a delay with disconnection.

Ourselves with ossami

Before you are electrical, which is located on each entrance site. It is powered by everything on the floor - there may be two, three, four or even five (depending on the type of building).

FROM right side Photos You see the tire to which the veins are connected - it is zero. But if the land was provided in the shield, then there would be another same tire, to which you would connect the third wire of the Earth.

Sometimes they make a short on the ground here, on the shield - that is, from the electric boiler pull the wire from the land terminal (or from the casing) and connect to the zero bus. Personally, I do not see in this sense - why leave so far, if everything can be done in place.

In the picture above, you see the Gorenie boiler panel, where the pads are on the left for connecting the wires - phases, zero and land that are located left to right. Also, the shunt jumper is visible, connecting zero with a mass.

Agree, it is much more convenient than dragging a separate wire to the shield in the stairwell, and there to connect it to zero. It is noteworthy that such a small jumper performs the same function as long wireSo I advise you to do this.

Those residents who have an old-type electric boilers, where the land terminal is not provided, they can also make the same connection. After all, as you understand, the essence is closed on the body, therefore, shunt zero directly with the casing. Do not forget that the boiler should be connected through the RCD.

A short to mass can be arranged through a socket, the shorter of the zero and land terminals, as shown in the photo. At the same time, the wire is better to skip the back (the rosette from the pickle is easy to pull out), but here I left it in front for clarity.

To perform actions, disconnect all electrical appliances in the apartment and find the indicator of the zero terminal on the outlet. If the devices do not disable, then zero will glow, like the phase and determine it will be difficult for you.

Then a piece of wire, a cross section of at least 0.5 mm2, between the zero and the ground, set the jumper - you can connect absolutely all the instruments.

In fact, so you can save yourself and your family not only from unpleasant sensations, but also, in some cases, save life and health, since perception to the defeat of the current in each may be different.

These are far from empty words, and in any RES or PES, you can provide many deaths with death precisely from shocking, and at low stresses.

Conclusion

For those who doubt, I propose to spend this test at home - take the indicator on the batteries and check the automatic during operation - in 90% of cases it will light up! For sensitive people, this is expressed in pinching with electric shock.

The option proposed by me removes this problem completely and 100%. If you have any suggestions, notes or questions - join my blog on this page.

And for more detailed familiarization, especially for you, I took a video - see!

October 20, 2016.

If you want to express your gratitude, add clarification or objection to ask the author - add a comment or tell me thanks!

Closure winding anchor on the body

This kind of closure occurs due to mechanical damage Insulation. The causes of mechanical damage are: the presence of protruding sheets of active steel and burrs in the grooves, tight filling of the groove, a loose stacking of the winding in the grooves, why the wires under the action of centrifugal forces are moved to the groove, weakening bandages and more.

In addition to mechanical injuries of insulation, the causes of the injection on the housing can be moisturizing isolation, entering the grooves and windy parts of the solder, strong and long overheating of the machine, connecting the connections and the other.

Closing an anchor winding on the body can be detected by a control lamp (Figure 1, but). When checking the lamp, attach one end to the network, and the other to the collector. The second (free) end of the network attach to the shaft of the anchor. The lighting of the bulb indicates a closure of the winding on the body. For such a check, you can also use a megommeter.

Figure 1. Checking the closure of windings on the body.
but - control lamp; b. - Megohmmeter: 1 - megommeter; 2 - collector; 3 - shaft; 4 - Stand

The location of the winding on the housing can be determined according to the scheme shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Determination of the location of the winding on the housing. but - on voltage drop; b. - the instrument readings when finding closures (for loop winding); in - Listening

In the diagram shown in Figure 2, butPowered from DC source is connected to brushes through a fuse P. The current is regulated by the rheostat R.. Property of one of the wires from the Millivoltmeter mV Attach an anchor to the core or shaft, and others concern any collector plate. The current source can be a battery or a direct current network with a voltage of 220 or 110 V. When finding damage, a current of 6 - 8 A. Millivoltmeter is taken with a scale up to 50 mV.

With a loop winding, attachment to the collector is produced in two diametrically opposite points. With a wave winding, the connection to the plates produce half the step on the collector.

When closed on the housing in the looping winding, the device's arrow will show a deviation equal to the amount of voltage drops in sections that found themselves between the section closed on the housing and the one to which the probe is attached (Figure 2, b., the situation I. - solid arrow). The probe attached to the collector moves to the same side. When it approaches the device being closed on the case, the instrument readings will decrease (position II. - dotted arrow), as the number of sections will decrease on which the voltage drop is measured. When the probe is connected to the section, which is closed on the housing, the Millivoltmeter arrow will be zero (position III). If you move the dipstick on, the appliance arrow will be rejected in reverse side (position IV).

When checking the wave winding, the smallest readings will give the collector plates, or directly closed on the housing, or closed on the housing through the winding sections.

The location of the closure is also determined by the "listening" of the winding (Figure 2, in). To do this, the battery and buzzer 3 Attach the anchor shaft and any collector plate. One phone withdraws to the shaft 1 ; Another output is moved by collector 2 . The closer the moving conductor to a closed plate or section, the weaker the noise in the phone. When touching the conductor closed on the case of the section, the noise disappears.

If the above methods do not give positive results, it is necessary to divide the winding on the part and check the megommeter each part separately. When a closure is detected in one of the parts of the winding, it continues to be divided into parts until the section is detected closed on the housing.

Circuits on the body are eliminated as follows:

1. if the closure occurred at sections of sections from the grooves, then small wedges are driven, beech or other insulating material;
2. if the closure occurred in the groove part of the section, the section will be supported or replaced by a new one;
3. when rewinding the winding, it is listened;
4. if the plates are closed on the body, then the reassembly repairs should be reassembly.

Mixless closures

This type of closure is a connection of turns inside the winding due to damage to the insulation of winding wires. Most often mixless closures It occur during damage to the isolation of the conductors during the rattling and precipitation of coils, when laying the winding, due to the hit of the solder or chips between the turns, when the winding breakdown on the housing, due to the crossing of the wires in the groove part during the rotation and the like.

Mixing closures can be in one or more anchor sections or between sections due to the closure of the adjacent collector plates. When it is closed between the sections of the section or between the collector plates, and also when connecting separate turns of the section, closed contours are formed in the anchor winding.

In the loop winding, the closure between two adjacent plates causes a closure of only a section that is attached to these plates, and the number of turns acting in the winding decreases to the number of turns in the same section.

In the wave winding, the closure between two adjacent plates causes a circuit of a number of sections, which are concluded in one full bypass around the anchor. Their number is equal to the number of pairs of the machine poles.

In short-circuited contours, the electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the magnetic field, which causes large short circuit currents due to the low resistance of these contours. The short-circuited turns that appeared during the operation of the machine are greatly warmed up through the winding current and usually burn.

How to determine the intersensional circuit of the electric motor? An anchors with a wave winding, as well as in windings with equalization connections, with a significant number of closed sections, cannot be determined to determine the short-circuited branch, since all the anchor heats up. Sometimes the location of the turns of the closures can be detected with an external inspection of the charred and burnt insulation of the section.

The most simple and common cases (for example, the closure of the turns of the same section, between adjacent collector plates or between adjacent sections in one winding layer) are detected by the voltage drop, listening and other methods.

Method for determining damage to voltage drop

Figure 3. Checking the absence of a closure between the armatures of the voltage drop

This method (Figure 3) is as follows. To the pair of collector plates 1 Suggested d.C. With the help of probe 3 . Sades 2 Measure the voltage drop on the same pair of plates. When closed in the section, which is attached to the inspected pair of plates, it turns out a smaller drop in the voltage at the same current than on another pair of plates, between which there is no closure. The more short-circuited turns, the smaller the voltage drop. The smallest voltage drop (or equal to zero) will be when they are closed between the collector plates themselves.

Thus, the entire anchor is checked and the measurement results are compared. Anchor check should be made when raised brushes. Scheme parameters are the same as in Figure 2, but.

To prevent damage to the Millivoltmeter (Figure 3), you must first apply to the probe collector 3 and then probe 2 ; You need to take proven in reverse order.

Good results This method gives when determining the closures between the turns in the section with a small amount of turns (rod windings). In the multi-section sections when closing one-two turns, the difference in the readings of the Millivoltmeter on the collector plates of a good section and the damaged may be insignificant.

Figure 4 shows the schemes for determining inter-touch closures using a telephone and steel plate. Test installation consists of an electromagnet 1 powered by alternating current of increased frequency. Anchor 3 Install over the electromagnet. With interstitious closure in any section, it will take place in it, which will be detected by heating. Using phone 2 and electromagnet 4 You can quickly determine the groove with a damaged section. With good winding sections in the phone 2 Low, the same power is heard. If one of the sections has an interetic closure, the sound in the phone is noticeably intensified.

Figure 4. Checking anchor to inter-touch closure.
but - with the phone; b. - with steel plate

To complete the winding check, you need to rearrange the electromagnet 4 For the anchor tooth, until the latter is around. If to the core tooth, covering the faulty section, bring thin steel plate 5 (Figure 4, b.), then it will begin to rattle. This method detects the closure of the reservoir adjacent plates, which causes the same phenomena as the intersensional closure.

To determine inter-touch closures, a diagram shown in Figure 2 can be used, in. For this, the second conductor is attached not to the shaft, as shown in the figure, but to the collector plate. Wires from the phone 1 attach to two adjacent plates.

The section having a turn-up closure is usually replaced by a new one. Personalizing one of the location of the closure can be limited only in the case of incomplete contact in the place of closure, and even then in the absence of other insulation damage.

If necessary (as a temporary measure), with a small number of collector plates, turn off from the work of damaged sections. Turning off the same section is not reflected in a noticeable manner on the switching of the machine.

Cliffs in the winding of the anchor

Overlook the winding occurs due to the smelting of the solder due to overheating windings during overloads, short circuit, donomas from frequent bends of winding parts of the winding and the like. The cliffs most often occur in windings from a thin wire due to its small mechanical strength. Cutting the winding or bad contact greatly worsens the switching of the machine and can cause considerable sprinkle on the collector and its burning. If anchor works for a long time With a cliff, then the arc descended in the breakdown may gradually burn insulation and lead to a closure of the winding on the body.

In the loop winding, the openness is accompanied by sparking on the collector and the burning of two adjacent plates to which the damaged section is attached. With a wave winding, several pairs of neighboring plates (by the number of poles) are tightened to which the sections of one serial chain This winding. In this case, the edges of the adjacent plates facing each other are burning.

Both with poor contact and during the breakup, in the presence of equalizing compounds, it can burn, except for plates related to faulty sections, and collector plates, which are distinguished from them to double pole division and associated with equalizing compounds. The breakdown can be determined by the voltage drop.

When cutting any section (Figure 5, but) There will be no current in the entire half of the winding, in which the faulty section is located, so the device will show zero everywhere (positions II. and III) In addition to the case when the device wires are attached to the ends of the torn section. In this case, the circuit will be closed through the device and the arrow will be devastated in the same way as if the appliance wires were attached directly to the current source (position I.).

Figure 5. Introduction of one ( but) and two ( b.) cliffs in the loop winding

With two cliffs (Figure 5, b.) If the pairs of collector plates are pairwise, the device will not show anything on the entire site between the plates to which the voltage is connected. To find places, cliffs are proceed as follows: One of the probe from the wires connected to the device is installed on the collector plate to which the power is supplied, and the other is moved along the collector, ranging from the other supplying diet. In this case, the instrument readings will be maximum (position IV). When the scrolling place torque "will be held", the device will show zero (position V.). Finding one break, in the same way I find out the other.

When breaking in the wave winding, the greatest deviation will take place on several pairs of plates, located in pairs at a distance of the collector's step from each other. Cleans in anchor having parallel branches can also be determined by measuring their resistance. When one of the sections is cut, the winding resistance increases sharply.

After laying an anchor winding in a core groove, it must be tested for the correct connection with the collector plates. This check is made after the ends of the winding sections are cleaned up to the metal shine and are laid in the rosters of collective plates. Figure 6 shows the installation scheme required for this purpose. On wooden racks, arrogantly to the wooden base 3 , Anchor is installed 2 . Anchor placed an electromagnet 5 , the core of which is made of P-shaped electrical steel sheets. Winding electromagnet 8 Consists of two coils, which are connected so that when there are two different magnetic poles when passing over them. FROM and YU. Coils get food from rectifier 4 Through Reostat 7 . The switch serves a foot pedal 1 . Fork 9 Millivoltmeter 6 Connects with two adjacent plates. At the time of opening contacts pedal 1 In the winding anchor induce impulses. With the correct connection of the winding and position of the fork 9 On any adjacent collector plates Arrow Millivoltmeter 6 It should deviate in the same side and approximately one and the same division of the scale.

Malfunctions in pole windings and eliminate them

The coils of the poles are less damaged, as they are fixedly fixed on the poles. Most often, the coils are damaged at the corners inside the coil, at the place of the exit of the internal output end due to the wrong installation of its first winding and the like. To reasons for damage, it is possible to disturb the insulation due to the fact that it is poorly stretched, uneven laying of isolation, protrusions and burrs of metal frame and other. Most often are the following pole winding faults: breakdown or bad contact, inter-touch closures and closure of windings on the body.

Mixless closure in pole coils

A damaged coil with a significant number of closed turns has a reduced resistance. It can be easily detected if you measure the resistance of all coils with a measuring bridge, a tester, an ammeter and voltmeter method (direct current) and others. When measuring the resistance by the ammeter and voltmeter method, the tested coil is included in the network through resistance, which can be adjusted in the coil. According to the indications of the ammeter and the voltmeter, the coil resistance is found according to the law. The resistance of all coils that do not have viton closures is equally. In coils with closed twists, there will be less resistance than in coils that do not have closed turns.

Circuits in the windings of poles, if they are not at the output ends, eliminate partial or complete rewind. From the coil, the coils are wound up and at the same time inspection. If the viton closures are caused by insulation moisture, then the coil should be dried.

Poles in the windings

The cliffs in the windings of the poles are only in coils, which are made of a small cross section. The breakdown can be determined by a voltmeter that measure the voltage on all coils (Figure 7, but). When a burst in the coil is a voltmeter connected to the clips of the damaged coil, will show the full voltage of the network. In good coils, the voltmeter will not give deviations. The opening can also be detected by a control lamp or a megommeter. Crash, as well as bad contact in the available places eliminate soldering.

Figure 7. Determination of the break site ( but) and closures on the body ( b.) in the windings of the poles

Closing the winding of the poles on the body

Closing the pole winding on the case can be determined if you skip the constant current through the entire winding. One end of the voltmeter (Figure 7, b.) Attached to the body of the machine, and the other (free) is to the conchion of the coil. Voltmeter will show the smallest voltage at the conclusions of the coil, closed on the body.

Checking the serial winding or winding of the addition poles is performed under reduced voltage, the magnitude of which is regulated by a consistent with a retake. Instead of a voltmeter, a millivoltmeter is used to measure the voltage.

The coil closed on the housing can be detected by a control lamp or a megommeter. For this, the coils are disconnected and checked separately. To eliminate closures on the body, remove the coil from the core of the pole and examine the places of contact with it with both the body and the bed. Circuits on the body eliminate the re-painting of coils, installation of insulating gaskets, drying with moisturizing and other methods.

The correct connection of the pole coils is checked by a compass or magnetized arrow (Figure 8). To do this, the poles are passed on the windings of the poles and the compass or arrow is brought to each coil. If the alternation of the polarity of the poles is correct, then when moving, for example, a compass inside the machine (with anchored anchor) from the pole to the pole, the compass arrow will be attracted alternately to the poles, then the other end.

If, touching the refrigerator, you feel the lungs and unpleasant plugging, it means that there is a current leakage. And this is a direct threat to your health and even life!

The lower limit of the sensitivity of the dry skin of the human hand is 30-40V. Permissible norm norm - 36V.

On the housing of the refrigerator may be present 110V. alternating current! It is almost half of the network voltage (220V).

Hence the simple conclusion: if your refrigerator has become "fighting," immediately, call myself to the house of the Master of Demon Remo24.

Note! The problem of current leakage on the refrigerator housing can not be hidden in the refrigerator itself, in outletto which it is connected!

Modern refrigerators are quite powerful technique, "pulling" a lot of electricity. The refrigerator must connect to euroreset with grounding!

If there was no three-phase wiring in your house with "Earth" (and the probability of this is very large!), It makes sense to do it, as well as reinstall the correct socket.

If you have a ground in the outlet, check if the contacts did not burst, it could lead to the fact that the grounding does not occur.

Note, most manufacturers of refrigerators, creating their "smart" units, are counting on that they will connect to the rosettes with grounding!

Refrigerator, on the body of which passes the current, use categorically prohibited! Remember that this refrigerator in no case cannot be touched by wet hands, especially during the operation of the motor. Also do not touch at the same time to the refrigerator and the heating battery.

The situation is particularly dangerous when the refrigerator is installed on a metal stand.

After the first time, when you felt a light blow, disconnect the refrigerator and call the Master of the Sonder24! It is especially important to do this if there are children and animals in the house.

Master Sondermont24 will arrive at the most convenient time for you with a special diagnostic device - a megommeter. This device allows you to detect in what kind of place is insulation of the wiring, because it is problem with wiring - The most common reason for the refrigerator is corotite.

Faulty in the refrigerator may turn out:

• fork,
• electrically conductive
• wire attached directly to the Motor compressor,
• thermoregulator handle.

Any of these parts Master Demon Remo224 quickly and efficiently replace For a new, "native" for the brand and model of your refrigerator.

Repair of the refrigerator, hitting the current, as a rule, does not take much time, for an hour, the fault will be eliminated!

Accurate price The master will announce to you after diagnosing and clarify the causes of the breakdown. In addition, the price of repair always depends on the brand and model of the refrigerator.

Do not doubt that after the repair carried out by the highly qualified Master of the Championships24, you will again be safe, and the refrigerator is properly working home appliances.